Skip to main content

Diffraction | Types | Difference Between Fresnel and Fraunhofer

Introduction to diffraction

In general, the curvature of the waves around the edges of the barriers is known as the diffraction. The amount of flex depends on the wavelength of the waves and the size of the barrier. Bending is great in case of sound waves due to long waves. Light waves also bend to a smaller degree [due to shorter wavelengths], as they pass through sharp edges of obstacles or narrow openings. The curvature of light waves is more pronounced when the size of the aperture is equal to the wavelength of the light.

Diffraction at straight edge
Diffraction at straight edge


What are the different types of diffraction ?


According to Fresnel, the diffraction is due to the interference of the different secondary waves originating from the wavefront that are not obstructed by the obstacle. The diffraction phenomena are divided into two classes, they are (i) the Fresnel diffraction and (ii) the Fraunhofer diffraction.

different types of diffraction

(i) Fresnel diffraction - In such diffraction, the light source and screen diffraction are at a finite distance from the opening or barrier that has a sharp edge. The incident wave at the opening or barrier is spherical or cylindrical.

(ii) Fraunhofer diffraction: In such diffraction, the light source and the screen are infinitely far from the opening or barrier of the diffraction that has a sharp edge. This can be accomplished by placing the light source in the focal plane of the convex lens and display in the focal plane of the second convex lens. In this case, the wavefront event at the opening or barrier is a flat wavefront.

Comparison/Difference between Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction 

 

            Fresnel  Diffraction             

 

         Fraunhofer Diffraction       

 1.The point light source or an illuminated narrow slot is  used as the light source.

2.The light incident on the opening or barrier is spherical or cylindrical wave front .

3.Lenses are not used to focus the rays		1.Extended light source at infinite distance used as a light source

2.The incident light in the opening or obstacle is a plane wave front.

3.Converging lens is used to focus the rays


Labels:
Location: Patna, Bihar, India

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

About N-Type and P-Type Semiconductor | Materials | Example |

Here you will know about  n type and p type semiconductor in details. You can already see about bonding in semiconductor . N type and P type semiconductor is used in electronic appliances.which is the basis of working of all the electronic devices.So lets discuss in this given topic in the details. N type and P Type Semiconductor When some impurities added to the pure semiconductor then it becomes extrinsic semiconductor and this process of adding impurities is known as doping.  Now it depends on the which type of impurities it added to the semiconductor (two types of impurities can be added to semiconductor pentavalent or trivalent). n-type semiconductor : If impurity that is added to the pure semiconductor is a pentavalent ( which has five valance electron ) then it is called n-type semi conductor. p-type semiconductor : If trivalent impurity is added to the semiconductor then it becomes p-type semi conductor. ( Note-List of  n type and p type semiconductor material is given below.
1 comment
Read more

Biasing of p–n Junction | Forward and Reverse-biased |

Biasing the p-n junction means applying some external voltage to both sides of the p-n junction. Reverse-biased junction and forward-biased junction are two types of biased junction. You should have also good understanding of  N-Type and P-Type Semiconductor before moving towards this topic. Biasing of p–n Junction  Biasing of a p–n junction  means uses of some external voltage across the two sides of the p–n junction. It is divided into two groups  Forward-biased junction :  When the p-side of junction  is connected to the positive terminal of a battery and the n-side of junction is connected to the negative terminal, the p–n junction is said to be a forward-biased junction.  Reverse-biased junction  :If the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the n-side of junction and the negative terminal on the p-side, the p–n junction is said to be a reverse-biased junction. Now we will see about forward and reverse-biased junction in detail.  Related Topic    Bonding in semiconduc
Post a Comment
Read more

Engineers Files Explained | Types of file

Today we will learn about engineers files explained, as we know hand tools are used to remove small amounts of material, usually from small areas of the workpiece.   Do you know why hand tools are used ?Hand tools are used because of following reason: If no machine is available,  The workpiece is too large to go on a machine  The shape is too intricate or simply that it would be too expensive to set up a machine to do the work. As you know the necessity of a hand tools now we will know about a hand tool , engineer's files. Engineer’s files Files are used to perform a variety of tasks, from simple removal of sharp edges to producing complex shapes where use of the device is impractical.Files can be obtained in a variety of shapes and in lengths from 150 mm to 350 mm. Single-cut file: When a file has a single series of teeth cut across its face it is called  single-cut file ,Figure of single-cut file is shown below. double-cut file: When a file has double series of teeth cut across
Post a Comment
Read more