Skip to main content

Double Refraction- Definition,Application,phenomenon,Define

Double Refraction

If you are searching about what is refraction ? Then here is the complete information about this topic .You can also check the article in which i share about  about Diffraction .The direction in which the transmitted light beam does not withstand dual refraction inside the crystal is known as the optic axis.If only one optic axis is present in a crystal, then it is called uni-axial crystal. On the other hand if two optic axes are present in a crystal, it is known as biaxial crystal.



Double Refraction- Definition,Application,phenomenon,Define,
Double Refraction

Define Double Refraction


When a uni-polar beam of light passes through an azeotropic crystal such as quartz or calcite, the beam will split into two refracted beams. This is called double refraction or birefringence. Double reaction is also known as birefringence.


The given diagram shows double refraction in calcite crystals. Refracted beams are polarized to the plane. One beam is polarized along the direction of the optic axis and is known as an extraordinary ray (e-ray), while the other refracted beam is polarized along the direction perpendicular to the optic axis and is called an ordinary beam ( O-ray).

Explain double refraction 


The wave fronts of E-rays and O-rays are shown for quartz and calcite crystals in the given image. The speed of an O ray is the same in all directions of a crystal, while an extraordinary ray travels with different speeds in different directions. The speeds of the O-rays and the E-rays are the same along the optical axis. The speed of an E ray is less than that of an O ray in a quartz crystal, it is a positive crystal. The speed of an E ray is higher than that of an O ray in a calcite crystal, it is a negative crystal. In addition to the optical axis, the refractive index μe = μ0. Then, the wavefront of the E and O rays will coincide. Quartz crystals in μe> μo in all other directions, and it is much larger in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis. Crystalline crystallizes in the rhombohedral (trigonal) crystal system. The diagonal line through the oblique corners is the optical axis. Calcite μe <μo in all directions except the optical axis. Then, the speed of ray E is greater than that of ray O. The value is too low in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis.


Double refraction in calcite crystal
double refraction diagram




Application of double refraction 

Double refraction is used in
1.It is used in many optical devices.
2.It is used in Liquid crystal displays.
3.It also find application in the most common type of flat panel display.
4.It  also plays an important role in second harmonic generation.
5.It is also used in nonlinear optical components.


Phenomenon of double refraction 


Double refraction is a phenomenon by a ray of light, when it collides with a fierce substance, is divided by polarization into two rays which take slightly different paths. First this effect was first explained in 1669 by Danish scientist Rasmus Bartholin, 
Labels:
Location: New Delhi, Delhi, India

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Biasing of p–n Junction | Forward and Reverse-biased |

Biasing the p-n junction means applying some external voltage to both sides of the p-n junction. Reverse-biased junction and forward-biased junction are two types of biased junction. You should have also good understanding of  N-Type and P-Type Semiconductor before moving towards this topic. Biasing of p–n Junction  Biasing of a p–n junction  means uses of some external voltage across the two sides of the p–n junction. It is divided into two groups  Forward-biased junction :  When the p-side of junction  is connected to the positive terminal of a battery and the n-side of junction is connected to the negative terminal, the p–n junction is said to be a forward-biased junction.  Reverse-biased junction  :If the positive terminal of the battery is connected to the n-side of junction and the negative terminal on the p-side, the p–n junction is said to be a reverse-biased junction. Now we will see about forward and reverse-biased junction in detail.  Related Topic    Bonding in semiconduc
Post a Comment
Read more

About N-Type and P-Type Semiconductor | Materials | Example |

Here you will know about  n type and p type semiconductor in details. You can already see about bonding in semiconductor . N type and P type semiconductor is used in electronic appliances.which is the basis of working of all the electronic devices.So lets discuss in this given topic in the details. N type and P Type Semiconductor When some impurities added to the pure semiconductor then it becomes extrinsic semiconductor and this process of adding impurities is known as doping.  Now it depends on the which type of impurities it added to the semiconductor (two types of impurities can be added to semiconductor pentavalent or trivalent). n-type semiconductor : If impurity that is added to the pure semiconductor is a pentavalent ( which has five valance electron ) then it is called n-type semi conductor. p-type semiconductor : If trivalent impurity is added to the semiconductor then it becomes p-type semi conductor. ( Note-List of  n type and p type semiconductor material is given below.
Post a Comment
Read more

Engineers Files Explained | Types of file

Today we will learn about engineers files explained, as we know hand tools are used to remove small amounts of material, usually from small areas of the workpiece.   Do you know why hand tools are used ?Hand tools are used because of following reason: If no machine is available,  The workpiece is too large to go on a machine  The shape is too intricate or simply that it would be too expensive to set up a machine to do the work. As you know the necessity of a hand tools now we will know about a hand tool , engineer's files. Engineer’s files Files are used to perform a variety of tasks, from simple removal of sharp edges to producing complex shapes where use of the device is impractical.Files can be obtained in a variety of shapes and in lengths from 150 mm to 350 mm. Single-cut file: When a file has a single series of teeth cut across its face it is called  single-cut file ,Figure of single-cut file is shown below. double-cut file: When a file has double series of teeth cut across
Post a Comment
Read more